/* ==========================================================================
   phogen.com
   A reading-first design. Six accent hues, used to separate ideas rather
   than to decorate. No external fonts, no frameworks, no tracking.
   ========================================================================== */

:root {
  --paper:       #f8f4ed;
  --paper-2:     #f1eade;
  --paper-3:     #eceef0;
  --ink:         #0d181d;
  --ink-2:       #3a4750;
  --ink-3:       #5f6b75;
  --rule:        #e4dccd;
  --rule-strong: #c6bfb2;

  --h-teal:   #14606e;
  --h-indigo: #38478a;
  --h-copper: #96511c;
  --h-sage:   #2a6349;
  --h-plum:   #6f3459;
  --h-slate:  #3f556e;

  --w-teal:   #e0eef0;
  --w-indigo: #e8eaf6;
  --w-copper: #f7ebe0;
  --w-sage:   #e3efe9;
  --w-plum:   #f3e8ef;
  --w-slate:  #e8edf3;

  --hue:  var(--h-teal);
  --wash: var(--w-teal);

  --band:      #0b1c24;
  --band-2:    #11303b;
  --band-3:    #16243f;
  --band-text: #eceae4;
  --band-dim:  #a8b6bf;
  --band-rule: #24404b;

  --font-display: ui-serif, Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  --font-body: system-ui, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;

  --step--1: clamp(0.83rem, 0.8rem + 0.13vw, 0.9rem);
  --step-0:  clamp(1.02rem, 0.98rem + 0.2vw, 1.15rem);
  --step-1:  clamp(1.2rem, 1.1rem + 0.42vw, 1.45rem);
  --step-2:  clamp(1.45rem, 1.28rem + 0.8vw, 1.95rem);
  --step-3:  clamp(1.75rem, 1.45rem + 1.4vw, 2.6rem);
  --step-4:  clamp(2.1rem, 1.6rem + 2.3vw, 3.5rem);
  --step-5:  clamp(2.35rem, 1.5rem + 4vw, 4.75rem);

  --gutter: clamp(1.25rem, 0.9rem + 1.7vw, 2.5rem);
  --wrap: 1120px;
  --section-y: clamp(3.5rem, 2.4rem + 5vw, 6.5rem);
  --ease: cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1);

  color-scheme: light dark;
}

@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  :root:not([data-theme="light"]) {
    --paper: #0d181d; --paper-2: #121f26; --paper-3: #101d24;
    --ink: #ebe8e2; --ink-2: #b2bcc4; --ink-3: #8b98a3;
    --rule: #26333b; --rule-strong: #3a4952;
    --h-teal: #6ec5d6; --h-indigo: #94a3e8; --h-copper: #e0a06a;
    --h-sage: #7cc4a2; --h-plum: #d193bb; --h-slate: #9fb3cc;
    --w-teal: #10262c; --w-indigo: #161a2e; --w-copper: #2a1d11;
    --w-sage: #10241b; --w-plum: #26141f; --w-slate: #151d26;
    --band: #060f13; --band-2: #0d2129; --band-3: #101a2c; --band-rule: #1e333d;
  }
}
:root[data-theme="dark"] {
  --paper: #0d181d; --paper-2: #121f26; --paper-3: #101d24;
  --ink: #ebe8e2; --ink-2: #b2bcc4; --ink-3: #8b98a3;
  --rule: #26333b; --rule-strong: #3a4952;
  --h-teal: #6ec5d6; --h-indigo: #94a3e8; --h-copper: #e0a06a;
  --h-sage: #7cc4a2; --h-plum: #d193bb; --h-slate: #9fb3cc;
  --w-teal: #10262c; --w-indigo: #161a2e; --w-copper: #2a1d11;
  --w-sage: #10241b; --w-plum: #26141f; --w-slate: #151d26;
  --band: #060f13; --band-2: #0d2129; --band-3: #101a2c; --band-rule: #1e333d;
}

.hue-teal   { --hue: var(--h-teal);   --wash: var(--w-teal); }
.hue-indigo { --hue: var(--h-indigo); --wash: var(--w-indigo); }
.hue-copper { --hue: var(--h-copper); --wash: var(--w-copper); }
.hue-sage   { --hue: var(--h-sage);   --wash: var(--w-sage); }
.hue-plum   { --hue: var(--h-plum);   --wash: var(--w-plum); }
.hue-slate  { --hue: var(--h-slate);  --wash: var(--w-slate); }

/* -------------------------------------------------------------- base ---- */

*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; scroll-behavior: smooth; }

body {
  margin: 0;
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--step-0);
  line-height: 1.68;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  overflow-x: hidden;
}

img, svg { max-width: 100%; height: auto; display: block; }
[hidden] { display: none !important; }

h1, h2, h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.14;
  letter-spacing: -0.018em;
  margin: 0 0 0.55em;
  text-wrap: balance;
}
h1 { font-size: var(--step-5); }
h2 { font-size: var(--step-3); }
h3 { font-size: var(--step-2); }

p { margin: 0 0 1.15em; max-width: 64ch; text-wrap: pretty; }
p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }

a { color: var(--hue); text-underline-offset: 0.18em; }

:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--hue); outline-offset: 3px; border-radius: 2px; }
::selection { background: var(--h-teal); color: #fff; }

.wrap { width: 100%; max-width: var(--wrap); margin-inline: auto; padding-inline: var(--gutter); }
.section { padding-block: var(--section-y); }
.section--tinted { background: var(--paper-3); border-block: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.mt-2 { margin-top: 2rem; }

.eyebrow {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--step--1);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--hue);
  margin: 0 0 1.1rem;
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.6rem;
}
.eyebrow::before { content: ""; width: 1.7rem; height: 2px; background: currentColor; flex: none; }

.skip-link {
  position: absolute; left: -9999px; top: 0;
  background: var(--ink); color: var(--paper); padding: 0.7rem 1.1rem; z-index: 200;
}
.skip-link:focus { left: 0.5rem; top: 0.5rem; }

/* ------------------------------------------------------------ header ---- */

.site-header {
  position: sticky;
  top: env(safe-area-inset-top, 0px);
  z-index: 100;
  background: var(--paper);
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--paper) 84%, transparent);
  backdrop-filter: saturate(180%) blur(14px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: saturate(180%) blur(14px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
  transition: border-color 0.3s var(--ease);
  view-transition-name: site-header;
}
.site-header[data-scrolled="true"] { border-bottom-color: var(--rule); }




.site-header__inner { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 1rem; min-height: 4.4rem; }

.brand {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: var(--step-1);
  color: var(--ink);
  text-decoration: none;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  view-transition-name: brand;
}

.nav { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: clamp(0.9rem, 0.3rem + 1.4vw, 1.8rem); }
.nav > a:not(.btn) {
  position: relative;
  font-size: var(--step--1); font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: 0.03em;
  color: var(--ink-2); text-decoration: none; padding-block: 0.4rem;
}
.nav > a:not(.btn)::after {
  content: ""; position: absolute; left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; height: 1px;
  background: var(--h-teal); transform: scaleX(0); transform-origin: 100% 50%;
  transition: transform 0.35s var(--ease);
}
.nav > a:not(.btn):hover { color: var(--ink); }
.nav > a:not(.btn):hover::after { transform: scaleX(1); transform-origin: 0 50%; }
.nav > a[aria-current="page"] { color: var(--ink); }
.nav > a[aria-current="page"]::after { transform: scaleX(1); height: 2px; }

@media (max-width: 34rem) {
  .nav > a:not(.btn) { display: none; }
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------- buttons ---- */

.btn {
  position: relative; display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.5rem;
  font-size: var(--step--1); font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  text-decoration: none; padding: 0.8rem 1.4rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--ink); border-radius: 2px;
  background: var(--ink); color: var(--paper);
  overflow: hidden; cursor: pointer; isolation: isolate;
  transition: color 0.3s var(--ease), border-color 0.3s var(--ease),
              transform 0.2s var(--ease), box-shadow 0.35s var(--ease);
}
.btn::before {
  content: ""; position: absolute; inset: 0; z-index: -1;
  background: linear-gradient(110deg, var(--h-teal), var(--h-indigo));
  transform: translateY(101%); transition: transform 0.42s var(--ease);
}
.btn:hover { color: #fff; border-color: transparent; box-shadow: 0 10px 26px -12px color-mix(in srgb, var(--h-indigo) 75%, transparent); }
.btn:hover::before { transform: translateY(0); }
.btn--ghost { background: transparent; color: var(--ink); border-color: var(--rule-strong); }
.btn--ghost:hover { color: #fff; }
.btn--sm { padding: 0.5rem 0.95rem; }
.btn-row { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0.8rem; }

.arrow-link {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: baseline; gap: 0.4rem;
  font-size: var(--step--1); font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 0.03em;
  text-decoration: none; color: var(--hue); margin-top: 1.1rem;
}
.arrow-link::after { content: "\2197"; transition: transform 0.3s var(--ease); }
.arrow-link:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.arrow-link:hover::after { transform: translate(3px, -3px); }

/* ----------------------------------------------------------- opening ---- */

.opening {
  position: relative; overflow: hidden;
  padding-block: clamp(4rem, 2rem + 9vw, 9rem) clamp(3rem, 2rem + 4vw, 5.5rem);
  min-height: min(84vh, 46rem);
  display: flex; align-items: center;
}
.opening::before {
  content: ""; position: absolute; inset: -40% -20% auto -30%; height: 150%; z-index: -1;
  background:
    radial-gradient(44rem 30rem at 10% 6%,  color-mix(in srgb, var(--h-teal) 20%, transparent), transparent 68%),
    radial-gradient(40rem 28rem at 92% 0%,  color-mix(in srgb, var(--h-indigo) 17%, transparent), transparent 66%),
    radial-gradient(36rem 26rem at 62% 88%, color-mix(in srgb, var(--h-copper) 13%, transparent), transparent 64%);
  pointer-events: none;
}

.opening__name {
  font-size: var(--step--1); font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.22em; text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--h-teal); margin-bottom: 1.6rem;
}
.opening h1 { max-width: 17ch; margin-bottom: 0.5em; }
.opening__lede { font-size: var(--step-1); color: var(--ink-2); max-width: 56ch; line-height: 1.6; }

.scroll-cue {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.65rem;
  margin-top: 2.8rem; text-decoration: none;
  font-size: var(--step--1); font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink-3);
}
.scroll-cue::after {
  content: ""; width: 2.4rem; height: 1px; background: var(--ink-3);
  animation: cue 2.6s var(--ease) infinite;
}
.scroll-cue:hover { color: var(--h-teal); }
.scroll-cue:hover::after { background: var(--h-teal); }
@keyframes cue { 0%, 100% { transform: translateX(0); opacity: 0.55; } 50% { transform: translateX(6px); opacity: 1; } }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------- problems ---- */

.problem-list { display: grid; gap: 0; }

.problem {
  display: grid;
  gap: 1rem 3rem;
  padding: clamp(2.2rem, 1.6rem + 2.2vw, 3.4rem) clamp(1rem, 0.4rem + 1.6vw, 1.9rem);
  margin-inline: clamp(-1.9rem, -0.4rem - 1.6vw, -1rem);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
  border-radius: 5px;
  transition: background-color 0.45s var(--ease);
}
.problem:last-child { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.problem:hover { background: var(--wash); }

@media (min-width: 54rem) {
  .problem { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.58fr) minmax(0, 1.42fr); align-items: start; }
  .problem__aside { position: sticky; top: 7rem; }
}

.problem__number {
  display: block;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: clamp(2.4rem, 1.8rem + 2.6vw, 3.6rem);
  font-weight: 600; line-height: 1; letter-spacing: -0.04em;
  color: var(--hue); opacity: 0.9;
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
  margin-bottom: 0.7rem;
}
.problem__kicker {
  display: block; font-size: var(--step--1);
  letter-spacing: 0.06em; text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-3); max-width: 24ch;
  padding-left: 0.85rem; border-left: 2px solid var(--hue);
}
.problem h2 { font-size: var(--step-2); margin-bottom: 0.6rem; }
.problem__body p { color: var(--ink-2); }
.problem__body p:first-of-type { color: var(--ink); font-size: var(--step-1); line-height: 1.55; }

/* --------------------------------------------------------------- arc ---- */

.arc { display: grid; gap: clamp(2rem, 1.4rem + 2.4vw, 3.5rem); }
@media (min-width: 54rem) { .arc { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.05fr) minmax(0, 0.95fr); } }
.arc p { color: var(--ink-2); }


/* ----------------------------------------------------------- writing ---- */

.page-head {
  position: relative; overflow: hidden;
  padding-block: clamp(3rem, 2rem + 4vw, 5.5rem) clamp(2rem, 1.5rem + 2.5vw, 3.5rem);
}
.page-head::before {
  content: ""; position: absolute; inset: -60% 0 auto -20%; height: 170%; z-index: -1;
  background: radial-gradient(40rem 25rem at 16% 10%, color-mix(in srgb, var(--h-teal) 15%, transparent), transparent 68%);
  pointer-events: none;
}
.page-head h1 { font-size: var(--step-4); }
.page-head p { font-size: var(--step-1); color: var(--ink-2); max-width: 56ch; }

.piece {
  display: grid; gap: 0.5rem 2.5rem;
  padding: clamp(1.4rem, 1.1rem + 1.3vw, 2.1rem) clamp(0.9rem, 0.4rem + 1.2vw, 1.4rem);
  margin-inline: clamp(-1.4rem, -0.4rem - 1.2vw, -0.9rem);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: 5px;
  transition: background-color 0.4s var(--ease);
}
.piece:last-of-type { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.piece:hover { background: var(--wash); }
@media (min-width: 54rem) { .piece { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.5fr) minmax(0, 0.5fr); align-items: baseline; } }

.chip {
  display: inline-block; font-size: var(--step--1);
  color: var(--hue); background: var(--wash);
  border-radius: 100px; padding: 0.1rem 0.7rem; margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.piece h2, .piece h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-body); font-size: var(--step-1);
  font-weight: 650; letter-spacing: -0.005em; margin-bottom: 0.35rem;
}
.piece h2 a, .piece h3 a { color: var(--ink); text-decoration: none; }
.piece h2 a:hover, .piece h3 a:hover { color: var(--hue); text-decoration: underline; }
.piece p { font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--ink-2); margin: 0; }
.piece__meta { font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--ink-3); font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
@media (min-width: 54rem) { .piece__meta { text-align: right; } }

/* ----------------------------------------------------------- closing ---- */

.closing {
  background:
    radial-gradient(50rem 26rem at 88% 0%, color-mix(in srgb, var(--band-3) 82%, transparent), transparent 62%),
    linear-gradient(165deg, var(--band-2), var(--band) 60%);
  color: var(--band-text);
  padding-block: clamp(3rem, 2.2rem + 3vw, 5rem);
}
.closing__line { font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: var(--step-2); color: var(--band-text); margin-bottom: 1.8rem; max-width: 24ch; }
.closing .btn { background: var(--band-text); border-color: var(--band-text); color: var(--band); }
.closing .btn--ghost { background: transparent; color: var(--band-text); border-color: var(--band-rule); }
.closing .btn:hover { color: #fff; border-color: transparent; }

/* ------------------------------------------------------------ footer ---- */

.site-footer {
  background: var(--band); color: var(--band-dim);
  padding-block: 1.6rem calc(1.6rem + env(safe-area-inset-bottom, 0px));
  font-size: var(--step--1); border-top: 1px solid var(--band-rule);
}
.footer__inner { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 0.7rem 1.5rem; }
.footer__name { color: var(--band-text); font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: var(--step-0); }
.footer__nav { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 1.1rem; }
.site-footer a { color: var(--band-dim); text-decoration: none; }
.site-footer a:hover { color: var(--band-text); }

/* ------------------------------------------------------------ motion ---- */

/* Visible by default. Only hidden for the animation once JS confirms it runs,
   so no-JS visitors and crawlers always see the content. */
.js .reveal {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(26px);
  transition: opacity 0.7s var(--ease), transform 0.7s var(--ease);
  transition-delay: calc(var(--d, 0) * 90ms);
}
.js .reveal.is-visible { opacity: 1; transform: none; }

@view-transition { navigation: auto; }
::view-transition-old(root) { animation: vt-out 0.22s var(--ease) both; }
::view-transition-new(root) { animation: vt-in 0.34s var(--ease) both; }
@keyframes vt-out { to { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(-6px); } }
@keyframes vt-in { from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(12px); } }

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
  *, *::before, *::after {
    animation-duration: 0.001ms !important;
    animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
    transition-duration: 0.001ms !important;
  }
  .js .reveal { opacity: 1 !important; transform: none !important; animation: none !important; }
  .scroll-cue::after { animation: none; }
  .progress i { transition: none; }
  ::view-transition-old(root), ::view-transition-new(root) { animation: none; }
}

@media print {
  .site-header, .closing, .btn, .scroll-cue { display: none !important; }
  body { background: #fff; color: #000; }
  .opening::before, .page-head::before { display: none; }
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Added sections and device-safe effects.
   Every animation below runs from JavaScript, so it behaves identically on
   iOS Safari, Android and desktop rather than only where the newest CSS
   scroll-driven animation is supported.
   ========================================================================== */

/* ------------------------------------------------- reading progress ----- */

.progress { position: absolute; left: 0; right: 0; bottom: -1px; height: 2px; overflow: hidden; }
.progress i {
  display: block; height: 100%; width: 100%;
  transform: scaleX(var(--p, 0)); transform-origin: 0 50%;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--h-teal), var(--h-indigo) 45%, var(--h-copper));
  transition: transform 0.08s linear;
}

/* ------------------------------------------------------ brand mark ----- */

.brand { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.6rem; }
.brand__mark {
  width: 0.7rem; height: 0.7rem; border-radius: 50%;
  background: conic-gradient(from 0deg, var(--h-teal), var(--h-indigo), var(--h-copper), var(--h-teal));
  animation: spin 9s linear infinite;
}
@keyframes spin { to { transform: rotate(360deg); } }

/* ------------------------------------------------------ mobile nav ----- */

.nav-toggle {
  display: none; appearance: none; background: none; cursor: pointer; color: var(--ink);
  align-items: center; gap: 0.55rem;
  min-height: 44px; min-width: 44px; padding: 0.5rem 0.8rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--rule-strong); border-radius: 4px;
  transition: border-color 0.25s var(--ease), color 0.25s var(--ease);
}
.nav-toggle:hover { border-color: var(--h-teal); color: var(--h-teal); }
.nav-toggle__label {
  font-size: var(--step--1); font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em; text-transform: uppercase;
}
.nav-toggle__bars { display: block; width: 20px; }
.nav-toggle__bars i {
  display: block; height: 2px; background: currentColor; border-radius: 2px;
  transition: transform 0.3s var(--ease), opacity 0.3s var(--ease);
}
.nav-toggle__bars i + i { margin-top: 5px; }
.nav-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] .nav-toggle__bars i:first-child { transform: translateY(7px) rotate(45deg); }
.nav-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] .nav-toggle__bars i:nth-child(2) { opacity: 0; }
.nav-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] .nav-toggle__bars i:last-child { transform: translateY(-7px) rotate(-45deg); }

.nav-mobile { border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); background: var(--paper); padding-block: 0.5rem 1.4rem; }
.nav-mobile a:not(.btn) {
  display: block; padding: 0.8rem 0; font-size: var(--step-1);
  font-family: var(--font-display); color: var(--ink-2);
  text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
}
.nav-mobile a[aria-current="page"] { color: var(--h-teal); }

@media (max-width: 52rem) {
  .nav > a:not(.btn) { display: none; }
  .nav-toggle { display: inline-flex; }
  .nav .btn--sm { display: none; }
}
@media (min-width: 52.01rem) { .nav-mobile { display: none !important; } }

/* --------------------------------------------------------- opening ----- */

.opening { display: block; position: relative; }
.opening__inner { display: grid; gap: clamp(2.5rem, 1.5rem + 4vw, 4.5rem); align-items: center; }
@media (min-width: 60rem) { .opening__inner { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.5fr) minmax(0, 1fr); } }

/* Slow drifting colour field. Pure CSS animation, so it runs everywhere. */
.opening__bg {
  position: absolute; inset: -25% -15%; z-index: -1; pointer-events: none;
  background:
    radial-gradient(38rem 26rem at 18% 20%, color-mix(in srgb, var(--h-teal) 26%, transparent), transparent 62%),
    radial-gradient(34rem 24rem at 82% 12%, color-mix(in srgb, var(--h-indigo) 22%, transparent), transparent 60%),
    radial-gradient(30rem 22rem at 58% 88%, color-mix(in srgb, var(--h-copper) 18%, transparent), transparent 58%);
  filter: blur(6px);
  animation: drift 26s ease-in-out infinite alternate;
}
@keyframes drift {
  0%   { transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0) scale(1); }
  50%  { transform: translate3d(2%, -2.5%, 0) scale(1.06); }
  100% { transform: translate3d(-2%, 2%, 0) scale(1.02); }
}

.opening__sub { color: var(--ink-3); font-size: var(--step-0); margin-top: -0.4em; }

/* Word-by-word heading reveal. JS wraps each word in a span. */
.split .w { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: bottom; }
.split .w > i {
  display: inline-block; font-style: inherit;
  transform: translateY(105%);
  transition: transform 0.75s var(--ease);
  transition-delay: calc(var(--d) * 45ms);
}
.split.is-in .w > i { transform: none; }

.scroll-cue {
  position: absolute; left: var(--gutter); bottom: 1.6rem;
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.65rem; text-decoration: none;
  font-size: var(--step--1); font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink-3); margin: 0;
}
@media (max-width: 60rem) { .scroll-cue { position: static; margin-top: 2.5rem; display: none; } }

.portrait { position: relative; margin: 0; max-width: 380px; justify-self: center; width: 100%; }
.portrait img { width: 100%; border-radius: 6px; background: var(--paper-2); }
.portrait__edge { display: none; }
.portrait--sm { max-width: 230px; }

/* --------------------------------------------------------- threads ----- */

/* Six items: auto-fit orphaned the last one, so the columns are explicit and
   always divide evenly into six. */
.threads {
  display: grid; gap: 1px; grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  background: var(--rule); border: 1px solid var(--rule);
  border-radius: 5px; overflow: hidden;
}
@media (min-width: 40rem) { .threads { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); } }
@media (min-width: 58rem) { .threads { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); } }
.thread {
  background: var(--paper); padding: 1.5rem 1.3rem;
  border: 0; border-top: 3px solid var(--hue);
  transition: background-color 0.35s var(--ease), transform 0.35s var(--ease);
}
.thread:hover { background: var(--wash); }
.thread h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-body); font-size: var(--step-0); font-weight: 650;
  letter-spacing: 0; margin-bottom: 0.3rem; color: var(--hue);
}
.thread p { font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--ink-2); margin: 0; }

/* -------------------------------------------------------- counters ----- */

.counters { display: grid; gap: clamp(1.5rem, 1rem + 2vw, 2.5rem); }
@media (min-width: 40rem) { .counters { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); } }
@media (min-width: 68rem) { .counters { grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); } }
.counter { border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); padding-top: 1.1rem; }
.counter__v {
  display: block; font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: clamp(2.2rem, 1.6rem + 2.4vw, 3.2rem); font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1; letter-spacing: -0.03em; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
  color: var(--h-teal);
  margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
}
/* Gradient text only where it is supported, so the number can never vanish. */
@supports ((background-clip: text) or (-webkit-background-clip: text)) {
  .counter__v {
    background: linear-gradient(120deg, var(--h-teal), var(--h-indigo));
    -webkit-background-clip: text; background-clip: text;
    color: transparent;
  }
}
.counter__l { font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--ink-3); line-height: 1.45; display: block; max-width: 24ch; }

/* -------------------------------------------------------- diagrams ----- */

.problem__dg {
  margin-top: 1.4rem; color: var(--hue);
  border: 1px solid var(--rule);
  border-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--hue) 18%, var(--rule));
  background: var(--wash);
  border-radius: 5px; padding: 0.6rem;
}
.dg { width: 100%; height: auto; display: block; }

/* The diagram animates once its block scrolls into view. */
.dg-sig { opacity: 0; transition: opacity 0.5s var(--ease); transition-delay: calc(var(--i) * 110ms); }
.is-visible .dg-sig { opacity: 1; }
.dg-unit { opacity: 0; transform-box: fill-box; transform-origin: center; transition: opacity 0.4s var(--ease); transition-delay: calc(var(--i) * 35ms); }
.is-visible .dg-unit { opacity: 1; }
.dg-hub { transform-box: fill-box; transform-origin: center; transform: scale(0); transition: transform 0.6s var(--ease) 0.25s; }
.is-visible .dg-hub { transform: scale(1); }
.dg-ring { transform-box: fill-box; transform-origin: center; opacity: 0; transition: opacity 0.6s var(--ease) 0.5s; }
.is-visible .dg-ring { opacity: 0.5; }
.dg-near, .dg-far, .dg-curve, .dg-arrow {
  stroke-dasharray: 400; stroke-dashoffset: 400;
  transition: stroke-dashoffset 1.1s var(--ease) 0.15s;
}
.is-visible .dg-near, .is-visible .dg-far,
.is-visible .dg-curve, .is-visible .dg-arrow { stroke-dashoffset: 0; }

@media (min-width: 54rem) { .problem__dg { max-width: 300px; } }

/* --------------------------------------------------------- jump nav ---- */

.jump { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0.5rem; margin-top: 2rem; }
.jump a {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: baseline; gap: 0.45rem;
  font-size: var(--step--1); text-decoration: none; color: var(--ink-2);
  border: 1px solid var(--rule);
  border-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--hue) 28%, var(--rule));
  border-radius: 100px; padding: 0.3rem 0.85rem;
  transition: background-color 0.3s var(--ease), color 0.3s var(--ease), transform 0.3s var(--ease);
}
.jump a span { color: var(--hue); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.jump a:hover { background: var(--wash); color: var(--ink); transform: translateY(-2px); }

/* ------------------------------------------------------------ about ---- */

.about__head { display: grid; gap: clamp(2rem, 1.4rem + 2.5vw, 3.5rem); align-items: center; }
@media (min-width: 58rem) { .about__head { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.6fr) minmax(0, 0.9fr); } }

.prose p { color: var(--ink-2); font-size: var(--step-0); margin-bottom: 1.35em; max-width: 68ch; }
.prose p:first-of-type { font-size: var(--step-1); color: var(--ink); line-height: 1.55; }

.focus-grid { display: grid; gap: clamp(1.4rem, 1rem + 1.6vw, 2.2rem); }
@media (min-width: 46rem) { .focus-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); } }
.focus {
  border-top: 3px solid var(--hue); padding: 1.2rem 1.1rem 1.4rem;
  background: var(--wash);
  border-radius: 0 0 5px 5px;
  transition: transform 0.4s var(--ease), background-color 0.4s var(--ease);
}
.focus:hover { transform: translateY(-4px); }
.focus h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-body); font-size: var(--step-0); font-weight: 650;
  letter-spacing: 0; margin-bottom: 0.4rem; color: var(--hue);
}
.focus p { font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--ink-2); margin: 0; }

.creds { list-style: none; margin: 0 0 1.6rem; padding: 0; }
.creds li {
  padding: 0.75rem 0 0.75rem 1.1rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
  font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--ink-2); margin: 0;
  border-left: 2px solid var(--h-slate);
}
.personal { font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--ink-3); font-style: italic; }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------- buttons ---- */

.btn { --mx: 0px; --my: 0px; transform: translate3d(var(--mx), var(--my), 0); }

/* --------------------------------------------------------- utilities --- */

.visually-hidden {
  position: absolute !important;
  width: 1px; height: 1px;
  padding: 0; margin: -1px;
  overflow: hidden;
  clip: rect(0 0 0 0); clip-path: inset(50%);
  white-space: nowrap; border: 0;
}

/* The hero field was reading muddy against the header. Soften and pull it in. */
.opening__bg { filter: blur(2px); opacity: 0.85; }

/* Wrapping each word in an inline-block defeats text-wrap: balance, so the
   headline gets an explicit measure instead. */
.split { text-wrap: normal; }
.opening h1.split { max-width: 15ch; }

/* The kicker's left rule was running straight into the diagram below it. */
.problem__kicker { padding-bottom: 0.2rem; }
.problem__dg { margin-top: 1.9rem; }


/* ---------------------------------------------- portrait placement ----- */

@media (max-width: 60rem) {
  .portrait { order: -1; max-width: 220px; margin-inline: 0; }
  .about__head .portrait { max-width: 180px; }
}

/* ------------------------------------------------------ story photos --- */


/* The formal part now carries two lists. */
.creds__sub {
  font-family: var(--font-body); font-size: var(--step--1); font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink-3);
  margin: 2rem 0 0.4rem;
}
.creds--alt li { border-left-color: var(--h-sage); }

/* The earlier writing is listed more compactly than the current work. */
.piece--compact { padding-block: 0.9rem; }
.piece--compact h3 { font-size: var(--step-0); margin-bottom: 0; }
.piece__main { min-width: 0; }
.section--tinted .piece:hover { background: var(--paper); }

/* ------------------------------------------------ crossroad cards ------ */

.cards {
  display: grid; gap: 1px;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(210px, 1fr));
  background: var(--rule); border: 1px solid var(--rule);
  border-radius: 6px; overflow: hidden;
}

.card {
  position: relative;
  display: flex; flex-direction: column;
  background: var(--paper);
  padding: 1.6rem 1.4rem 3.2rem;
  text-decoration: none; color: var(--ink);
  border-top: 3px solid var(--hue);
  transition: background-color 0.4s var(--ease);
  min-height: 100%;
}
.card:hover { background: var(--wash); }
.card__label {
  font-size: var(--step--1); font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--hue); margin-bottom: 0.9rem;
}
.card__count {
  font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: var(--step-2);
  line-height: 1.1; letter-spacing: -0.02em; margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.card__text { font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--ink-2); line-height: 1.6; }
.card__go {
  position: absolute; left: 1.4rem; bottom: 1.4rem;
  font-size: var(--step-1); color: var(--hue);
  transition: transform 0.3s var(--ease);
}
.card:hover .card__go { transform: translateX(6px); }

/* ---------------------------------------------------- focus page ------- */

.cap-grid { display: grid; gap: clamp(1.4rem, 1rem + 1.6vw, 2.2rem); }
@media (min-width: 46rem) { .cap-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); } }
@media (min-width: 72rem) { .cap-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); } }

.cap {
  border-top: 3px solid var(--hue);
  background: var(--wash);
  border-radius: 0 0 5px 5px;
  padding: 1.2rem 1.2rem 1.5rem;
  transition: transform 0.4s var(--ease);
}
.cap:hover { transform: translateY(-4px); }
.cap h2, .cap h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-body); font-size: var(--step-0); font-weight: 650;
  letter-spacing: 0; margin-bottom: 0.45rem; color: var(--hue);
}
.cap p { font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--ink-2); margin: 0; }

.results { max-width: 62rem; }
.results__intro {
  font-size: var(--step--1); font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink-3); margin-bottom: 1.4rem;
}
.results__row { display: grid; gap: clamp(1.4rem, 1rem + 2vw, 2.6rem); margin-bottom: 1.4rem; }
@media (min-width: 44rem) { .results__row { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); } }
.result { border-top: 1px solid var(--rule-strong); padding-top: 1rem; }
.result__v {
  display: block; font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: clamp(2.2rem, 1.6rem + 2.4vw, 3.2rem); font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1; letter-spacing: -0.03em; color: var(--h-plum);
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
}
.result__l { font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--ink-2); line-height: 1.45; display: block; max-width: 26ch; }
.results__note { font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--ink-3); max-width: 60ch; }
.langs { font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--ink-2); max-width: 58ch; margin-bottom: 1.6rem; }


/* ------------------------------------------------- hero without photo -- */

.opening--solo { min-height: min(72vh, 40rem); }
.opening--solo h1 { max-width: 18ch; }
.opening--solo .opening__lede { max-width: 58ch; }

/* The work index gets its own heading rather than sitting loose under the lede. */
.jump__title {
  font-family: var(--font-body); font-size: var(--step--1); font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink-3);
  margin: 0 0 0.9rem;
}


/* --------------------------------------------- about, formal part ------ */

.creds--alt { margin-top: 0; }
.creds--alt li { border-left-color: var(--h-indigo); }
.creds__sub:first-of-type { margin-top: 1.8rem; }
@media (min-width: 58rem) {
  .creds, .creds--alt { max-width: 46rem; }
}

/* Ten certifications read better in two columns than one long stack. */
@media (min-width: 46rem) {
  .creds--alt { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); column-gap: 2rem; }
  .creds--alt li:nth-child(2) { border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------- honours ----- */

.honours { list-style: none; margin: 0 0 1.6rem; padding: 0; max-width: 46rem; }
.honours li {
  padding: 0.85rem 0 0.85rem 1.1rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
  border-left: 2px solid var(--h-copper);
  margin: 0;
}
.honours strong {
  display: block; font-size: var(--step-0); font-weight: 650; color: var(--ink);
}
.honours span {
  display: block; margin-top: 0.3rem;
  font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--ink-2); line-height: 1.6;
}

/* ------------------------------------------------- evidence links ------ */

.evidence { display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; gap: 0.5rem; margin-top: 1.1rem; }
.evidence .arrow-link { margin-top: 0; }
.evidence__none {
  margin-top: 1.1rem;
  font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--ink-3); font-style: italic;
  border-left: 2px solid var(--rule-strong); padding-left: 0.85rem; max-width: 52ch;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------- publications ------ */

.pubs { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; max-width: 62rem; }
.pubs li { margin: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.pubs li:last-child { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.pubs a {
  display: block; padding: 0.85rem 0.6rem 0.85rem 0;
  color: var(--ink); text-decoration: none; font-size: var(--step-0);
  transition: color 0.25s var(--ease), padding-left 0.25s var(--ease);
}
.pubs a::after { content: " \2197"; color: var(--h-indigo); }
.pubs a:hover { color: var(--h-indigo); padding-left: 0.5rem; }

/* AI project blocks carry no photo or diagram, so the aside is just a kicker. */
.problem-list .problem__aside:only-child,
.problem .problem__aside > .problem__kicker:only-child { padding-bottom: 0; }
.footer__loc { display: block; font-family: var(--font-body); font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--band-dim); margin-top: 0.15rem; }
.honours .arrow-link { margin-top: 0.55rem; }

/* --------------------------------------------------- advisory page ----- */

.situations { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; display: grid; gap: 0; max-width: 68rem; }
@media (min-width: 52rem) { .situations { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); column-gap: 2.5rem; } }
.situations li {
  margin: 0; padding: 0.9rem 0 0.9rem 1.6rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
  font-size: var(--step-0); color: var(--ink-2); position: relative;
}
.situations li::before {
  content: ""; position: absolute; left: 0; top: 1.45rem;
  width: 8px; height: 1px; background: var(--h-teal);
}

.concerns { display: grid; gap: clamp(1.4rem, 1rem + 1.6vw, 2.2rem); }
@media (min-width: 46rem) { .concerns { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); } }
@media (min-width: 72rem) { .concerns { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); } }
.concern { border-top: 1px solid var(--rule-strong); padding-top: 1rem; }
.concern h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-body); font-size: var(--step-0); font-weight: 650;
  letter-spacing: 0; margin-bottom: 0.35rem;
}
.concern p { font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--ink-2); margin: 0; }

/* ------------------------------------------------------- framework ----- */

.framework { display: grid; gap: clamp(1.4rem, 1rem + 2vw, 2.6rem); align-items: center; }
@media (min-width: 52rem) { .framework { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 320px) minmax(0, 1fr); } }
.framework__dg { color: var(--hue); }
.framework__note { font-size: var(--step-1); color: var(--ink-2); line-height: 1.55; max-width: 48ch; }

/* ---------------------------------------------------- flagship case ---- */

.case { margin-top: 1.6rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.case__row { display: grid; gap: 0.2rem 1.5rem; padding: 0.85rem 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
@media (min-width: 44rem) { .case__row { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.26fr) minmax(0, 1fr); } }
.case dt {
  font-size: var(--step--1); font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--hue); margin: 0;
}
.case dd { margin: 0; font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--ink-2); line-height: 1.6; }

/* ========================================================================
   Warm, human homepage: portrait hero, layer strip, recognition cards.
   ======================================================================== */

.opening h1 { font-size: clamp(2.2rem, 1.5rem + 2.9vw, 3.7rem); }
.opening__grid { display: grid; gap: clamp(2.2rem, 1.4rem + 3.4vw, 4rem); align-items: center; }
@media (min-width: 62rem) { .opening__grid { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.25fr) minmax(0, 0.75fr); } }

.opening__intro {
  font-size: var(--step-1); color: var(--ink); line-height: 1.55;
  max-width: 46ch; margin-top: 0.4rem;
}
.opening__lede { font-size: var(--step-0); color: var(--ink-2); max-width: 50ch; }
.opening__note {
  margin-top: 2rem; padding-top: 1.2rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
  font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--ink-3); max-width: 52ch;
}

/* A generous, softly-cornered crop rather than an ID photograph. */
.portrait--hero { max-width: 420px; margin: 0 auto; }
.portrait--hero img {
  width: 100%; border-radius: 8px 48px 8px 48px;
  box-shadow: 0 20px 52px -32px rgba(60, 42, 24, 0.45);
}
@media (max-width: 62rem) { .portrait--hero { order: -1; max-width: 240px; } }

/* ----------------------------------------------- recognition cards ----- */

.recog-list { display: grid; gap: 0; }
.recog {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
  transition: background-color 0.35s var(--ease);
}
.recog:last-child { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.recog[open] { background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--wash) 55%, transparent); }
.recog summary {
  list-style: none; cursor: pointer; display: flex; gap: 1rem;
  align-items: baseline; justify-content: space-between;
  padding: 1.25rem clamp(0.6rem, 0.3rem + 1vw, 1.1rem);
  font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: var(--step-1);
  line-height: 1.3; color: var(--ink);
}
.recog summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
.recog summary::after {
  content: "+"; flex: none; font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--step-1); color: var(--hue); transition: transform 0.3s var(--ease);
}
.recog[open] summary::after { content: "\2212"; }
.recog summary:hover { color: var(--hue); }
.recog p {
  margin: 0; padding: 0 clamp(0.6rem, 0.3rem + 1vw, 1.1rem) 1.4rem;
  font-size: var(--step-0); color: var(--ink-2); max-width: 66ch;
}

/* ------------------------------------------------- absent notice ------- */

.absent {
  max-width: 58rem; border-left: 3px solid var(--h-copper);
  padding: 0.4rem 0 0.4rem 1.4rem;
}
.absent h2 { font-size: var(--step-2); margin-bottom: 0.5rem; }
.absent p { font-size: var(--step-1); color: var(--ink-2); line-height: 1.6; }

.closing__sub { font-size: var(--step-0); color: var(--band-dim); max-width: 56ch; margin: -0.6rem 0 1.8rem; }
.brand__text { display: flex; flex-direction: column; line-height: 1.15; }
.brand__role {
  font-family: var(--font-body); font-size: 0.68rem; font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink-3); margin-top: 0.2rem;
}


/* ========================================================================
   Two-layer cases. Everything above the disclosure has to stand alone.
   ======================================================================== */

.problem__body .problem__sub {
  font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: var(--step-1); line-height: 1.4;
  color: var(--ink-2); max-width: 46ch; margin: 0 0 1.5rem;
}
.problem__body .layers p:first-of-type { font-size: var(--step-0); }

.layers { display: grid; gap: 1.15rem; }
.layer { display: grid; gap: 0.15rem; }
@media (min-width: 50rem) {
  .layer { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.24fr) minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 0.2rem 1.6rem; }
}
.layer h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-body); font-size: var(--step--1); font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.09em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--hue);
  margin: 0; padding-top: 0.15rem;
}
.layer p { margin: 0; color: var(--ink-2); font-size: var(--step-0); line-height: 1.62; max-width: 62ch; }

/* The technical layer. Closed by default, and nothing in it is required. */
.tech {
  margin-top: 1.6rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
}
.tech summary {
  list-style: none; cursor: pointer; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.7rem;
  padding: 0.85rem 0; font-size: var(--step--1); font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--hue);
}
.tech summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
.tech summary::before {
  content: "+"; flex: none; width: 1.25rem; height: 1.25rem; border-radius: 50%;
  border: 1px solid currentColor; display: grid; place-items: center;
  font-size: 0.85rem; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: 0; line-height: 1;
}
.tech[open] summary::before { content: "\2212"; }
.tech summary:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.tech__body { padding-bottom: 1rem; }
.tech__body p { font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--ink-2); max-width: 66ch; margin-bottom: 0.9em; }
.tech__body p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }

/* Work tiers. The later ones get air above them so the hierarchy reads. */
.tier--later { margin-top: clamp(3rem, 2rem + 3vw, 4.5rem); }

/* The index now carries titles rather than numbers, so it wraps as chips. */
.jump a { font-size: var(--step--1); }

/* ------------------------------------------------ why this matters ----- */

.why {
  border-left: 3px solid var(--hue); background: var(--wash);
  padding: 0.9rem 1.1rem; border-radius: 0 5px 5px 0; margin-bottom: 1.4rem;
}
.why h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-body); font-size: var(--step--1); font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.09em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--hue); margin: 0 0 0.3rem;
}
.why p { margin: 0; font-size: var(--step-0); color: var(--ink); line-height: 1.6; max-width: 60ch; }

/* The professional term, kept as a secondary label under the plain question. */
.cap__term {
  display: block; font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--ink-3);
  letter-spacing: 0.04em; margin: -0.2rem 0 0.55rem;
}

/* ========================================================================
   The authority ladder. Native disclosure, so it works on a keyboard, on a
   phone and in a screen reader with no script at all.
   ======================================================================== */

.ladder { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; display: grid; gap: 1px;
  background: var(--rule); border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: 6px;
  overflow: hidden; max-width: 62rem; }
.rung { margin: 0; background: var(--paper); }
.rung details { --rung: var(--h-indigo); }
.rung summary {
  list-style: none; cursor: pointer; display: grid; align-items: center;
  grid-template-columns: auto minmax(0, 1fr) auto; gap: 0.3rem 1rem;
  padding: 1rem clamp(0.85rem, 0.5rem + 1vw, 1.3rem);
  transition: background-color 0.3s var(--ease);
}
.rung summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
.rung summary:hover { background: var(--paper-2); }
.rung details[open] summary { background: var(--paper-2); }
.rung__n {
  width: 1.9rem; height: 1.9rem; border-radius: 50%; display: grid; place-items: center;
  border: 1px solid var(--rule-strong); color: var(--ink-3);
  font-size: var(--step--1); font-weight: 650; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
  grid-row: 1 / span 2;
}
.rung details[open] .rung__n {
  background: var(--rung); border-color: var(--rung); color: #fff;
}
.rung__label {
  font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: var(--step-1); line-height: 1.25;
  color: var(--ink); display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: baseline; gap: 0.2rem 0.7rem;
}
.rung__label em {
  font-family: var(--font-body); font-style: normal;
  font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--ink-2);
}
.rung__bar { display: block; height: 4px; border-radius: 2px; background: var(--rule); grid-column: 2; }
.rung__mark {
  grid-column: 3; grid-row: 1 / span 2; align-self: center; flex: none;
  width: 1.5rem; height: 1.5rem; border-radius: 50%; border: 1px solid var(--rule-strong);
  color: var(--ink-3); display: grid; place-items: center; font-size: 0.95rem; line-height: 1;
  transition: transform 0.3s var(--ease), color 0.3s var(--ease), border-color 0.3s var(--ease);
}
.rung__mark::before { content: "+"; }
.rung details[open] .rung__mark { color: var(--rung); border-color: var(--rung); }
.rung details[open] .rung__mark::before { content: "\2212"; }
.rung summary:hover .rung__mark { color: var(--rung); border-color: var(--rung); }
.rung__bar i { display: block; height: 100%; border-radius: 2px; background: var(--rung); opacity: 0.55; }
.rung details[open] .rung__bar i { opacity: 1; }

.rung__body {
  display: grid; gap: 1.2rem;
  padding: 0.2rem clamp(0.85rem, 0.5rem + 1vw, 1.3rem) 1.4rem
           calc(clamp(0.85rem, 0.5rem + 1vw, 1.3rem) + 2.9rem);
  background: var(--paper-2);
}
@media (min-width: 56rem) { .rung__body { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 1.8rem; } }
.rung__body h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-body); font-size: var(--step--1); font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--rung); margin: 0 0 0.3rem;
}
.rung__body p { margin: 0; font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--ink-2); line-height: 1.6; }

.ladder__caption {
  font-size: var(--step-0); color: var(--ink-3); max-width: 58ch; margin: 1.4rem 0 0;
}

/* ========================================================================
   Home: how I think about technology.
   ======================================================================== */

.principles { display: grid; gap: 0; max-width: 70rem; }
.principle {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); padding: 1.3rem 0;
  display: grid; gap: 0.25rem;
}
.principle:last-child { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
@media (min-width: 54rem) {
  .principle { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 0.25rem 2.5rem; align-items: baseline; }
}
.principle h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: var(--step-1); font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1.3; color: var(--ink); margin: 0; max-width: 30ch;
}
.principle p { margin: 0; font-size: var(--step-0); color: var(--ink-2); line-height: 1.6; max-width: 54ch; }

/* ========================================================================
   Writing: an entry point that needs no knowledge of the categories.
   ======================================================================== */

.starts { display: grid; gap: clamp(1.1rem, 0.8rem + 1.2vw, 1.8rem); }
@media (min-width: 52rem) { .starts { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); } }
.start {
  display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 0.5rem;
  background: var(--paper); border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-top: 3px solid var(--h-indigo);
  border-radius: 0 0 6px 6px; padding: 1.2rem 1.2rem 1.35rem;
  text-decoration: none; color: inherit;
  transition: transform 0.4s var(--ease), box-shadow 0.4s var(--ease);
}
.start:hover { transform: translateY(-4px); box-shadow: 0 16px 34px -26px rgba(60, 42, 24, 0.55); }
.start h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: var(--step-1); font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1.3; color: var(--ink); margin: 0;
}
.start p { margin: 0; font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--ink-2); line-height: 1.6; flex: 1; }
.start__go {
  font-size: var(--step--1); font-weight: 600; color: var(--h-indigo);
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.35rem;
}
.start__go::after { content: "\2197"; transition: transform 0.3s var(--ease); }
.start:hover .start__go::after { transform: translate(3px, -3px); }

/* The balancing line on the advisory page, so the section does not read as fear. */
.page-head__pull {
  border-left: 3px solid var(--h-teal); padding-left: 1.1rem;
  font-family: var(--font-display); color: var(--ink) !important;
  font-size: var(--step-1) !important; line-height: 1.45; margin-top: 1.6rem;
}

/* Four engagement shapes in a three-column grid orphaned the fourth. Explicit
   columns, so four always divides evenly. */
.cap-grid--4 { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
@media (min-width: 46rem) { .cap-grid--4 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); } }
@media (min-width: 74rem) { .cap-grid--4 { grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); } }

/* A section head that carries a paragraph needs air before whatever follows. */
.section__head p { margin-bottom: 0; }
.section__head + .ladder,
.section__head + .starts,
.section__head + .principles,
.section__head + .problem-list { margin-top: 2rem; }

/* The composite portrait carries its own geometry. Heavy asymmetric corners
   fought it, so the crop is square-edged with only a hint of softening, and the
   panel is taller than it is wide. */
.portrait--hero { max-width: 460px; }
.portrait--hero img {
  border-radius: 4px;
  box-shadow: 0 26px 60px -34px rgba(40, 50, 62, 0.55);
}
@media (max-width: 62rem) { .portrait--hero { max-width: 260px; } }
.portrait--sm { max-width: 250px; }
.portrait--sm img { border-radius: 4px; }

/* The portrait column was narrower than the portrait's own max-width, so the
   image never reached the size it was allowed. Give it a little more of the row. */
@media (min-width: 62rem) {
  .opening__grid { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.2fr) minmax(0, 0.8fr); }
}

/* ========================================================================
   Portrait mount. The composite carries thin gold hairlines and a small disc
   sitting on one of them; the frame continues that motif outward so the image
   reads as mounted on the page rather than pasted onto it.
   ======================================================================== */

.portrait {
  --frame: #c4a06a;
  --offset: clamp(9px, 0.4rem + 0.7vw, 18px);
  position: relative;
  isolation: isolate;
}

/* A hairline rectangle, offset up and to the left, peeking out behind. */
.portrait::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute; inset: 0; z-index: -1;
  transform: translate(calc(var(--offset) * -1), calc(var(--offset) * -1));
  border: 1px solid var(--frame);
  border-radius: 4px;
  opacity: 0.6;
}

/* A second line further out, on the two sides that are actually visible. Two
   offset rules read as a mount; one reads as a stray border. */
.portrait::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute; z-index: -1;
  left: calc(var(--offset) * -2.1);
  top: calc(var(--offset) * -2.1);
  right: 32%; bottom: 34%;
  border-left: 1px solid var(--frame);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--frame);
  border-radius: 3px 0 0 0;
  opacity: 0.32;
}

.portrait img { position: relative; z-index: 1; display: block; }

/* The disc, sitting on the frame's top-left corner, echoing the one inside
   the image. */
.portrait__edge {
  display: block;
  position: absolute; z-index: 2;
  left: calc(var(--offset) * -1);
  top: calc(var(--offset) * -1);
  width: 10px; height: 10px;
  margin: -5px 0 0 -5px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--frame);
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .portrait::before { transition: transform 0.6s var(--ease); }
  .portrait:hover::before { transform: translate(calc(var(--offset) * -1.45), calc(var(--offset) * -1.45)); }
}


/* ========================================================================
   What happens next. A cold visitor needs to know how a conversation starts
   before they will start one.
   ======================================================================== */

.steps { list-style: none; margin: 2rem 0 0; padding: 0; display: grid; gap: 0; counter-reset: step; }
.step {
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: auto minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 0 1.3rem;
  align-items: start; margin: 0; padding: 1.5rem 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
}
.step:last-child { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.step__n {
  width: 2.3rem; height: 2.3rem; border-radius: 50%; display: grid; place-items: center;
  border: 1px solid var(--h-teal); color: var(--h-teal);
  font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: var(--step-0); line-height: 1;
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}
.step h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: var(--step-1); font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1.3; color: var(--ink); margin: 0.15rem 0 0.4rem;
}
.step p { margin: 0; font-size: var(--step-0); color: var(--ink-2); line-height: 1.62; max-width: 62ch; }
.steps__note {
  margin-top: 1.4rem; font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--ink-3);
  border-left: 2px solid var(--rule-strong); padding-left: 0.85rem; max-width: 52ch;
}

/* ------------------------------------------------ tangible outputs ----- */

.outputs { display: grid; gap: 0; margin-top: 2rem; }
@media (min-width: 46rem) { .outputs { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); column-gap: 2.5rem; } }
@media (min-width: 72rem) { .outputs { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); column-gap: 2.5rem; } }
.output { border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); padding: 1.1rem 0 1.2rem; }
.output h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-body); font-size: var(--step-0); font-weight: 650;
  color: var(--h-copper); margin: 0 0 0.3rem;
}
.output p { margin: 0; font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--ink-2); line-height: 1.6; }

/* ------------------------------------- questions I am working on now --- */

.questions { list-style: none; margin: 2rem 0 0; padding: 0; max-width: 68rem; display: grid; gap: 0; }
.questions li {
  margin: 0; padding: 1.15rem 0 1.15rem 1.7rem; position: relative;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
  font-size: var(--step-0); color: var(--ink-2); line-height: 1.62; max-width: 72ch;
}
.questions li:last-child { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.questions li::before {
  content: ""; position: absolute; left: 0; top: 1.72rem;
  width: 10px; height: 1px; background: var(--h-indigo);
}

/* ---------------------------------------- certifications, lighter ------ */

.creds__note {
  font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--ink-3); font-style: italic;
  max-width: 48ch; margin: -0.6rem 0 1.4rem;
}
.certs {
  max-width: 52rem; margin: 0 0 1.6rem;
  font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--ink-3); line-height: 1.75;
}



/* ========================================================================
   Mounted photographs. Five treatments drawn from one vocabulary of thin
   rules, offsets and small discs, rotated so that no two adjacent images are
   framed alike. Every one carries a caption. An uncaptioned, unmounted
   photograph is the definition of one dropped onto a page.
   ======================================================================== */

.shot { --shot-line: #c4a06a; --shot-gap: clamp(9px, 0.4rem + 0.7vw, 16px);
  margin: 0 0 1.9rem; }
.shot__box { position: relative; display: block; isolation: isolate; }
.shot img {
  display: block; width: 100%; height: auto; position: relative; z-index: 1;
  border-radius: 3px; background: var(--paper-2);
}
.shot figcaption {
  margin-top: 1rem; padding-left: 0.9rem;
  border-left: 2px solid var(--hue, var(--rule-strong));
  font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--ink-3); line-height: 1.5; max-width: 54ch;
}
.shot__mount { position: absolute; z-index: 0; pointer-events: none; }

/* 1. Brackets. Two corners only, so the frame is implied, never closed. */
.shot--bracket .shot__mount,
.shot--bracket .shot__box::after {
  content: ""; position: absolute; width: 20%; height: 40%;
  border: 0 solid var(--shot-line);
}
.shot--bracket .shot__mount {
  left: calc(var(--shot-gap) * -1); top: calc(var(--shot-gap) * -1);
  border-left-width: 1px; border-top-width: 1px; border-radius: 3px 0 0 0;
}
.shot--bracket .shot__box::after {
  right: calc(var(--shot-gap) * -1); bottom: calc(var(--shot-gap) * -1);
  border-right-width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-radius: 0 0 3px 0;
}

/* 2. Spine. A rule down the left with a disc on it, the image stepped right. */
.shot--spine .shot__box { padding-left: calc(var(--shot-gap) + 0.7rem); }
.shot--spine .shot__mount {
  left: 0; top: 0.5rem; bottom: 0.5rem; width: 1px;
  background: linear-gradient(to bottom, var(--shot-line), transparent 88%);
}
.shot--spine .shot__box::after {
  content: ""; position: absolute; left: -4px; top: 2.2rem; z-index: 2;
  width: 9px; height: 9px; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--shot-line);
}

/* 3. Mat. The image sits on a tinted board with a wider margin at the foot. */
.shot--mat .shot__box {
  background: var(--paper-2); border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: 5px;
  padding: var(--shot-gap) var(--shot-gap) calc(var(--shot-gap) * 1.9);
}
.shot--mat figcaption { font-style: italic; }

/* 4. Overshoot. A rule passes behind the image and runs past both edges. */
.shot--overshoot .shot__box { padding-top: 2.6rem; }
.shot--overshoot .shot__mount {
  left: -5%; right: -5%; top: 1.3rem; height: 1px;
  background: var(--shot-line); opacity: 0.6;
}
.shot--overshoot .shot__box::after {
  content: ""; position: absolute; right: -5%; top: 1.3rem; z-index: 2;
  width: 9px; height: 9px; margin: -4px -4px 0 0;
  border-radius: 50%; background: var(--shot-line);
}

/* 5. Step. The portrait's double offset, thrown the other way. */
.shot--step .shot__mount {
  inset: 0; transform: translate(var(--shot-gap), var(--shot-gap));
  border: 1px solid var(--shot-line); border-radius: 4px; opacity: 0.55;
}
.shot--step .shot__box::after {
  content: ""; position: absolute; z-index: 0;
  left: calc(var(--shot-gap) * 2.1); top: calc(var(--shot-gap) * 2.1);
  right: calc(var(--shot-gap) * -2.1); bottom: calc(var(--shot-gap) * -2.1);
  border: 1px solid var(--shot-line); border-radius: 4px; opacity: 0.25;
}

/* The advisory band runs wider than a case block does. */
.band { max-width: 62rem; margin-inline: auto; }
.band .shot { margin-bottom: 0; }

@media (max-width: 40rem) {
  .shot--mat .shot__box { padding: 8px 8px 1rem; }
  .shot--overshoot .shot__box { padding-top: 2.1rem; }
}

.mb-3 { margin-bottom: clamp(1.8rem, 1.2rem + 2vw, 3rem); }
.mt-3 { margin-top: clamp(1.8rem, 1.2rem + 2vw, 3rem); }

/* Three counters, not four. */
@media (min-width: 68rem) { .counters { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); } }